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Outdoor substations are often exposed to complex environmental conditions, including fluctuations in humidity, airborne dust, and temperature variations. These factors can introduce moisture and particulate contaminants into transformer oil through breathing systems or maintenance activities, affecting insulation performance and heat dissipation efficiency.

To address such conditions, multi-stage filtration combined with vacuum dehydration forms the primary technical approach for oil purification. Typical systems employ staged filtration structures—for example, coarse filtration (10–20 μm) for larger particles, intermediate filtration (around 5 μm) for finer contaminants, and fine filtration (1 μm or below) to improve overall oil cleanliness. Vacuum systems are used to control moisture content within acceptable ranges for high-voltage operation.

From a selection perspective, attention should be given to system sealing performance, filter media materials (such as glass fiber elements), and adaptability to oil temperature ranges (typically 20–80°C). In high-humidity environments, the continuous dehydration capacity and vacuum stability of the system are critical factors for maintaining consistent operation.

From an engineering standpoint, properly configured oil purification equipment contributes to extending oil service life and provides a more controlled maintenance strategy for transformer operation.